Exploring the Universe
 

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Article #337: Galaxies and Planets

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It is getting to the point where planets creating thousands of star clusters
are being found everywhere. Fifty here, between the two. The third closest galaxy
fifty there, well maybe I am exaggerating to us, at about 200,000 light years, is
a little, but there are a lot of planets the Small Magellanic Cloud, a dwarf
out there. Now that we know for sure that galaxy. Again this galaxy is being
planets exist outside our own solar absorbed by our galaxy. Gas is being
system, maybe we should stop counting the created by dying stars and so are star
ones that we find. Why do I say this? Our clusters, as they are being pulled away
galaxy is only one of billions, or even from the Small Magellanic Cloud. There is
more. It contains over 100,000,000,000 also a debris trail that stretches from
stars. If only one star in three has both of these galaxies into our own. This
planets around it and lets say the is another galaxy that can only be seen
average amount of planets is 4, we are from the southern hemisphere. Thanks to
looking at a heck of a lot of planets my these two galaxies, our own is getting
friends. That is roughly 133,333,333,333 bigger. Both of the Magellanic Cloud
planets in only our own galaxy. If only galaxies are considered to be primitive
one planet of these in 1,000 has life, we and neither is said to have as many heavy
are looking at 13,333,333 planets elements as our own galaxy. The chances
containing life. If only 1 in 1,000 of of finding planets with life in the two
these has intelligent life, we are look Magellanic Cloud galaxies are much
at 13,333 planets in our galaxy that slimmer than in our own or the Andromeda
contain intelligent life. Now you know galaxy. This is because there are a lot
why we are searching for signals from of very young stars in them, some being
planets with intelligent life, it is as young as only twelve million years
because the numbers favor the chances of old. This doesn't give much time, if any,
it being there. Our world can't be that for planetary development.
special that we are the only intelligent Our Milky Way is about 90,000 light years
beings in the galaxy. It would be very in diameter and has a circumference of
closed minded of us to believe this. Even about 270,000 light years. It is disk
if we take the bible as a literal shaped and is about 2,400 light years
interpretation of God's word, I don't thick. None of these figures are exact
think there is anything in there that and can be off by as much as 50,000 light
prohibits life in other places besides years, no one knows for sure. Our galaxy
Earth. Maybe I will receive an argument is part of a group of galaxies known as
on this, but this is what I believe. the local group. This group is in itself
The Andromeda galaxy is our neighbor part of the Virgo Supercluster. Other
galaxy. It is classified as M31. The M dwarf galaxies that orbit our Milky Way
stands for Messier Object. Charles are Canis Major, Sagittarius, Ursa Minor,
Messier was a French astronomer that Sculptor, Sextans, Fomax and Leo. Some
lived from 1730 to 1817. He complied a are so small that they are only 500 light
list of objects that were difficult to years across. These tiny galaxies would
tell from comets. Of course the be Carina, Draco and Leo II, all dwarfs.
telescopes then were not as good as the It is thought that there might be more of
ones today and today this isn't a these galaxies orbiting us that have much
problem. There are 110 of these objects. less mass and therefore are going
Andromeda is a larger galaxy than our undetected for the moment. It is felt
own. It is pretty near us in cosmic terms that they might be mostly gas and dust.
and is headed for a collision with the There is a ripple effect at the southern
Milky Way. Don't worry though, it will edge of our galaxy and this is thought to
take about 4 billion years before this be caused by the Magellanic Clouds as
happens. Even when it does happen there they orbit us. The speed of the
is not much chance of being smashed into. approaching Andromeda Galaxy is about 100
The stars are just too far apart. NASA to 140 kilometers per second. That is
describes it this way, picture two grains roughly 67 to 93 miles per second. No one
of sand separated by a football field. is quite sure how fast our galaxy is
That is about the distance of the stars traveling. There have been estimates that
from each other in each galaxy. When the range form 100 km to 1,000 km. per
two galaxies do meet, they will pass into second. That is somewhere between 67 to
each other at the speed of about to 667 miles per second and even this
1,000,000 mph, Ouch! Some day the Milky might be wrong.
Way and Andromeda galaxies will be one. Some of the recently found planets from
The main problem with the two galaxies outside our solar system include one that
passing into each other is the gas and was discovered orbiting a star that was
debris that each contain. Recent findings considered quite normal. The planet is
indicate that the Andromeda Galaxy about 5.5 times the size of the Earth. It
contains over a trillion stars, which is is further away from its sun than we are
far more than the Milky Way, but here is from ours. The star it orbits is 28,000
the kicker, they have also found that the light years away and the planet is
Milky Way is more massive, due to more thought to be rocky. The star it orbits
dark matter being present. Dark matter is is a red dwarf. That means it is about 50
the matter that we can't see. It is times less powerful than our sun, but is
estimated that 90% of the universe is the most common type of star in the
made of it. Because of all this dark universe. Some Earth sized planets have
matter in our own galaxy, it would have been detected, but these were only
been interesting to see how this effects orbiting dying neutron stars. A neutron
the collision between the two galaxies. star is a star that comes from a
Forgetting the collision for a second, supernova explosion. It is VERY dense.
the potential for planets in the You are talking about a star that is only
Andromeda Galaxy is even far greater than about 10 km(about 6.5 miles) in radius,
our own, because of the number of stars yet has a mass about 1.5 times that of
in that galaxy. Scientists believe that our sun, which has a radius of 695,000 km
the same physics is in effect in all (about 463,333 miles). It is believed
galaxies and throughout the universe. I that any planet orbiting a sun of this
wonder if this could be a wrong type MUST be a dead world. Another planet
assumption, even in small ways? For was found at a distance of about 20 light
example, what if there was a planet where years. It is rotating around a red sun
things didn't work quite the same. For that is about 1.5 times the size of our
example, we are used to seeing things sun. The planet is considered to be very
fall down in a straight line. What if Earth like and its discovery was
there was a planet where there was announced in April, 2007 by a team of
similar gravity to our own, but for some European astronomers. There is evidence
unknown reason, things that fell hit the to suggest oceans. The diameter is 12,000
planet on an angle? With so many miles and its mass is 5 times that of
different planets and so many different Earth. Some scientists are already saying
compositions, things could be quite that this planet might just have the best
different than what we are used to, even chance for life so far. I believe that
if it didn't violate the physical laws. this statement is far too premature. The
Would it be possible to find a galaxy planet is located in Libra.
that had no planets or that had at least Have you ever wondered why we are finding
5 or 6 planets for every star? These are planets that are usually huge? The answer
extreme cases, but you just can't rule is simple, it is hard to find planets
anything out when you are talking about because their suns block out their light.
the unknown. The bigger the planet the more light it
Our own galaxy has satellite galaxies gives off and the easier it is to find,
circling around it, like planets orbiting not that finding planets is easy. Will we
the sun. Two of these galaxies are the find a planet that has life on it? It
Small Magellanic Cloud and the Large seems that the universe has a surprise
Magellanic Cloud. The nearest galaxy to for us. That surprise is that there are
our own was thought to be the Large many planets out there and many are
Magellanic Cloud, at 163,000 light years similar to our own world. There may be
away. In 1994 it was discovered that the millions and billions of societies
he Sagittarius Dwarf Elliptical Galaxy waiting for us, or trying to avoid us,
was closer at only about 80,000 light whatever the case may be.
years. The Magellanic Cloud galaxy is Copyright © 2007 by About Facts Net and
like a blob of stars. It can only be seen its licensors. All rights reserved.
in the southern hemisphere. This galaxy Permission is granted to reproduce this
is disintegrating because we are article if no changes are made and all
absorbing it. The gradational tug of war links, if any, remain intact.
between this galaxy and our own is






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