The 303 British Rifles

The year was 1888 and Europe was in an uproar.long strands that look like spaghetti. The powder was
Two years previously France came out with theput in the case before it was formed to its final
Lebel rifle and the revolutionary smokeless powder.shape. In 1910 they went to a more modern spitzer
For a couple of years France was one up onbullet weighing 174 grains with a velocity of 2450 FPS
everyone else and that had the powers to be upset.which extended their range quite a bit. Some of the
The advantages of the new propellant weren't lostbullets had aluminum or fiber filled tips which while
on anyone. You could produce ammo with morestable in flight tended to tumble on impact producing
range and less smoke which made it harder for ana more serious wound.
enemy to spot you. Greater range and the ability toThe round has been one of the most widely
carry more ammo were also advantages that weredistributed and successful military rounds of the first
looked favorably upon by various nations.half of the 20'Th century. Besides England, Canada,
That year 1888 Great Britain introduced the 303 inAustralia and many African countries have used it. It
the Lee Medford bolt action rifle. A bit of a headwould be equivalent to the American 30-06 in usage
scratcher was that they introduced it with a chargemaking it a useful large game hunting round. It has
of 70 grains of black powder and a 215 grain fullbeen chambered in many versions of the Lee Enfield
metal jacketed round nose bullet at an advertisedrifle plus the American Enfield. The round saw service
velocity of 1850 FPS. By then countries such asin both world wars not to mention many lesser
Germany were introducing smokeless powder in theirskirmishes and was the official rifle of Great Britain
military arms. It was found to be ineffective againstuntil 1957 when it was replaced by the NATO 308
various tribes that Great Britain was at war with, atround. The Lee Enfield is a very highly regarded
the time, so Capt. Bertie Clay at the Dum Dummilitary rifle as it has rapid fire capability and was
arsenal in India developed a better bullet. It was areliable. Some historians consider it superior to the
jacketed bullet that had an exposed lead core thatgreat 98 Mauser for military purposes. That will get a
expanded upon contact and that's where the termlively discussion started. Accuracy was more then
Dum Dum bullets came into use.adequate for military purposes. They are still common
In 1892 the powder was changed to Cordite whichand ammo is easy to find so if you have one it is a
upped the velocity to about 1950 FPS, a fairlyworthwhile addition to any collection.
significant improvement. The Cordite powder is in